Directions: Go to the following websites and write a brief summary of each law and how you think it might affect the education of ELLs.
1) 1776: “…Certain unalienable Rights, that among these are Life, Liberty, and the Pursuit of Happiness”: The Declaration of Independence: http://www.ushistory.org/declaration/document/
*5th Amendment: no one shall be "deprived of life, liberty or property without due process of law."; 14thAmendment [repeating due process clause and adding equal protection under the law]: "Nor shall any state deprive any person of life, liberty, or property, without due process of law; nor deny to any person within its jurisdiction the equal protection of the laws." http://www.law.cornell.edu/wex/due_process
Adopted by United Nations General Assembly Resolution 44/25 (November 20, 1989). Entry into force September 2, 1990. The Convention on the Rights of the Child (CRC) is a legally binding human rights treaty that obligates governments to guarantee special protections for the full range of human rights for children and young people under the age of 18. The U.S. President signed the CRC in 1995:
1. States Parties recognize the right of the child to education, and with a view to achieving this right progressively and on the basis of equal opportunity, they shall, in particular:
(a) Make primary education compulsory and available free to all;
(b) Encourage the development of different forms of secondary education, including general and vocational education, make them available and accessible to every child, and take appropriate measures such as the introduction of free education and offering financial assistance in case of need;
(c) Make higher education accessible to all on the basis of capacity by every appropriate means;
(d) Make educational and vocational information and guidance available and accessible to all children;
(e) Take measures to encourage regular attendance at schools and the reduction of drop-out rates.
Directions: Go to the following websites and write a brief summary of each law and how you think it might affect the education of ELLs.
1) 1776: “…Certain unalienable Rights, that among these are Life, Liberty, and the Pursuit of Happiness”: The Declaration of Independence:
http://www.ushistory.org/declaration/document/
2) 1791 & 1868: U.S. Constitution: 5th Amendment (Bill of Rights, 1791) & 14th Amendment (1868):
http://finduslaw.com/us_constitution_5th_and_14th_amendments
*5th Amendment: no one shall be "deprived of life, liberty or property without due process of law."; 14thAmendment [repeating due process clause and adding equal protection under the law]: "Nor shall any state deprive any person of life, liberty, or property, without due process of law; nor deny to any person within its jurisdiction the equal protection of the laws."
http://www.law.cornell.edu/wex/due_process
3) 1954: U.S. Supreme court, Brown v. Board of Education:
http://www.watson.org/~lisa/blackhistory/early-civilrights/brown.html
4) Title VI of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 banned educational discrimination on the basis of national origin/language:
http://www2.ed.gov/about/offices/list/ocr/docs/hq43e4.html
5) 1974: U.S. Supreme Court, Lau v. Nichols:
http://sitemaker.umich.edu/356.flatley/lau_v._nichols_supreme_court_case
6) 1981: United States District Court, Texas, Castañeda v. Pickard:
http://www.stanford.edu/~hakuta/www/LAU/IAPolicy/IA1bCastaneda.htm
7) 1982: U.S. Supreme Court, Plyler vs. Doe
http://www.oyez.org/cases/1980-1989/1981/1981_80_1538/
8) United Nations, The Convention on the Rights of the Child: Article 28, The Right of Every Child to an Education:
http://www.dignityinschools.org/content/convention-rights-child-crc-articles-28-and-29
Adopted by United Nations General Assembly Resolution 44/25 (November 20, 1989). Entry into force September 2, 1990. The Convention on the Rights of the Child (CRC) is a legally binding human rights treaty that obligates governments to guarantee special protections for the full range of human rights for children and young people under the age of 18. The U.S. President signed the CRC in 1995:
1. States Parties recognize the right of the child to education, and with a view to achieving this right progressively and on the basis of equal opportunity, they shall, in particular:
(a) Make primary education compulsory and available free to all;
(b) Encourage the development of different forms of secondary education, including general and vocational education, make them available and accessible to every child, and take appropriate measures such as the introduction of free education and offering financial assistance in case of need;
(c) Make higher education accessible to all on the basis of capacity by every appropriate means;
(d) Make educational and vocational information and guidance available and accessible to all children;
(e) Take measures to encourage regular attendance at schools and the reduction of drop-out rates.